SOARS Manuscripts

The community of Barrow, Alaska, Alaska has experienced coastal flooding during extreme weather events throughout events in the past 60 years. To improve the predictions of coastal flooding in coastal communities worldwide, models have been used to simulate flooding caused by storm surges. In many c…

Workflow management is crucial in monitoring and controlling business processes. Advancements have been made in computer-based workflow management, which allowed for the partial or complete automation of these processes. However, existing computer-based systems have not been successful in highly dis…

This project investigated whether a quantitative detection could be made of a variable star, in our case CY Aquarii shown in Figure 1, and whether the period could be confirmed by the existing literature. Variable stars are either intrinsic or extrinsic. CY Aqr is an intrinsic variable star since it…

Studies of reflectivity gradients are necessary to understand the factors affecting wind profiler measurements. Wind profiling radars reflect radio waves from atmospheric variations in the lower troposphere and are used to measure winds. The change in these reflectivities over a given range is refer…

The Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus, Phase II (DYCOMS-II) experiment provided us a unique opportunity for in-depth study of the dropsonde humidity sensor's performance within well-layered stratocumulus clouds. We analyzed plots of the dropsonde's relative humidity (RH) profiles from D…

CO₂ fluxes between the biosphere and the atmosphere are strongly related to plant photosynthesis and respiration. Northern hemisphere forests invoke a strong seasonality in these fluxes as photosynthesis drives summertime uptake of carbon from the atmosphere and respiration drives wintertime release…

Analysis of the 17 April 1995 data collected by the National Center for Atmospheric Research airborne Electra Doppler Radar (ELDORA) during the Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX) was used to investigate the wind structure hypothesized in conceptual models of hai…

Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), the components of NOX, are important trace gases influencing many atmospheric chemical processes. We correlated the presence of NOX in the upper troposphere with deep convection and lightning activity using three sources of archived data at two pres…

It is important to understand the tropical oceanic circulation because of its effects on global climate. The bifurcation of the South Equatorial Current (SEC) might have significant effects on regional climates as a result of the contributions of mass and heat flowing north or south. The objectives …

Global Positioning System (GPS) Radio Occultation (RO) is a new technique for obtaining profiles of atmospheric properties, specifically: refractivity, temperature, pressure, water vapor pressure in the neutral atmosphere, and electron density in the ionosphere. The data received from GPS RO contrib…

To advance our understanding of the behavior of the large-scale atmospheric circulation, the daily cycle of the near-surface wind field over the tropical Pacific Ocean was examined. Hourly wind measurements collected from 53 moored buoys in the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean array (9째N-8째S, 165째E-180째W) …

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) have studied the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in precipitation since the 1960s. However, very few sites in the United States (U.S.) have been studied compared to the rest of the world. Since…

The crystallization and growth of ice on surfaces has been a neglected area of research. Anyone who has visited or lived in a temperate or cold climate has noticed the remarkable frost growth that occurs on a glass surface. Frost forms on surfaces below the freezing point of water and in supersatura…

In numerical cloud models, drop populations are represented with either a bulk or an explicit representation of cloud physics. Bulk representation consists of drops characterized by the same size and pH. Explicit representation consists of drop of carrying size and pH. The manner in which cloud drop…

Fluid flows play a dominant role in many processes that are important to mankind, such as weather, climate, industrial process, cooling, heating, etc. Scientific understanding of fluid flows has increased since the introduction of High Performance Computing (HPC) and the use of Computational Fluid D…

This research analyses the impact of using surface observations and observations at 70 m above the surface to estimate mixing ration and potential temperature throughout the summer daytime boundary layer. Soundings were created to represent the actual conditions, and errors were computed when surfac…

Over the past decade, a network of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSRs) have been monitoring aerosol properties across the nation. The process of extracting aerosol data from the MFRSR's reading is very lengthy and difficult, making it very timely to produce results. A novel automate…

Global climate models are tools that allow scientists to simulate the climate conditions of the past, present, and future to a reasonable degree with the exception that climate model projections contain biases. Biases exist such as differences between modeled temperatures and observed temperatures. …

The mesopause region of the Earth's atmosphere is characterized by abnormal seasonal temperature and large tidal variations. Scientists of the National Center for Atmospheric Research developed the Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesophere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIME-GCM) in part to stud…

The lowest part of the troposphere is called the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The depth of the PBL depends on the amount of solar heating and friction at the surface of the earth. These surface processes cause turbulence in the PBL, which initiates the growth of the PBL. This growth involves the …

Barrow, Alaska is a coastal community that is vulnerable to coastal flooding and structural damage from local high-wind events during the "ice-free" season from late summer through autumn. Historically, high latitude cyclonic storms with high-winds rarely have affected Barrow, however, with the curr…

Data collected by the Galápagos Islands' Doppler wind profiler using 100- and 500-m pulse lengths do not yield the same wind profiles. The longer 500-m pulse length profiles are displaced in height from those of the shorter 100-m pulse. The standard radar equation used to assign heights to measured …

Tropical cyclones, often called hurricanes or tropical storms, can cause thousands of deaths and billions of dollars in damages to home and businesses. Research on the formation of tropical cyclones, while spanning decades, has been limited compared to research on the dynamics and prediction of matu…

The goal of the research was to improve the sensitivity and speciation of the Peroxy Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (PerCIMS) technique used in measuring the concentration of hydroperoxy (HO₂) and organic peroxy (RO₂) radical in the atmosphere. It is important to know the concentration of the…

Doppler radar and lightning observation of thunderstorms that occurred during the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) stationed on the High Pains in the summer of 2000 will be discussed. Detailed radar and lightning datasets were collected during this field project to…